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Feb 26| HISTORY “4”
“2”DAY |Feb 28 >> Events, deaths, births, of 27 FEB [For Feb 27 Julian go to Gregorian date (leap years one day earlier) 1583~1699: Mar 09 — 1700s: Mar 10 — 1800s: Mar 11 — 1900~2099: Mar 12] |
| On a February
27: 2002 The Bangor Daily News reports that Harvey Taylor, a convicted sex offender, has threatened to sue detectives of the Penobscot County (Maine) Sheriff’s office because they were too slow to find him after he escaped from a County Sheriff and hid for three nights in the woods in northern Maine, resulting in his losing two toes to frostbite. 1999 On the first day where the impeachment aftermath is not in the news, nhe Clintons head to Park City, Utah today for daughter Chelsea's 19th birthday. It is the second year in a row that the first family has chosen Park City for Chelsea's birthday celebration. Chelsea, a student at Stanford University in Palo Alto, Calif., had decided that she would rather spend her birthday on Utah's slopes than at the school's Parents' Weekend. The Clintons intend to stay at Park City through 02 March, but will inexplicably cut their visit short on 01 March.
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| 1998 Apple Computer announces that it will discontinue
development of the Newton operating system. Introduced in 1993, the handheld
unit was much hyped by then-president John Sculley. Unfortunately, the Newton
received poor reviews, largely because it failed to read handwriting reliably.
In late December 1997, a number of Newton employees defected to join 3Com's
Palm Computing subsidiary, maker of the popular PalmPilot. 1997 Divorce becomes legal in Ireland. 1991 Gulf War ends after Iraqi troops retreat and Kuwait is liberated: US President Bush (Sr.) declares that "Kuwait is liberated, Iraq's army is defeated," and announced that the allies would suspend combat operations at midnight. 1990 Exxon Corp and Exxon Shipping are indicted on 5 criminal counts (Valdez) 1985 Mauritania's new constitutional charter published. 1982 Wayne B. Williams was found guilty of murdering two of the 28 young blacks whose bodies were found in the Atlanta area over a 22-month period. 1981 Greatest passenger load on a commercial airliner-610 on Boeing 747. 1980 Robert Mugabe's ZANU-PF wins elections in Zimbabwe. 1976 Final meeting between Mao tse Tung and Richard Nixon. 1973 Pope Paul VI publishes constitution motu proprio Quo aptius. 1973 Members of the American Indian Movement occupied the hamlet of Wounded Knee in South Dakota, the site of the 1890 massacre of Sioux men, women and children. |
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^ 1973 Amerindians
occupy Wounded Knee On the Pine Ridge Reservation in South Dakota, some two hundred Sioux Native Americans, led by members of the American Indian Movement (AIM), occupy Wounded Knee, the sight of the infamous 1890 massacre of three hundred Sioux by the US Seventh Cavalry. The AIM members, some of them armed, take eleven residents of the historic Oglala Sioux settlement hostage as local authorities and federal agents descend on the Pine Ridge Reservation. AIM was founded in 1968 by Russell Means and other Native leaders as a militant political and civil rights organization. In November of 1972, AIM members briefly occupied the Bureau of Indian Affairs in Washington DC, to protest programs controlling reservation development, and in early 1973, prepared for the more dramatic occupation at Wounded Knee. In additional to its historical significance, Wounded Knee was one of the poorest communities in the United States and shared with the other Pine Ridge settlements some of the country's lowest rates of life expectancy. The day after the Wounded Knee occupation begins, AIM members trade gunfire with the federal marshals surrounding the settlement and fire on automobiles and low-flying planes that dare come within rifle range. AIM leader Russell Means begins negotiations for the release of the hostages, demanding that the Senate launch an investigation of the Bureau of Indian Affairs and all Sioux reservations in South Dakota, and that the Senate Foreign Relations Committee hold hearings on the scores of Indian treaties broken by the US government. The Wounded Knee occupation lasts for a total of seventy-one days, during which time two Sioux men are shot to death by federal agents and several more are wounded. On May 8, the AIM leaders and their supporters surrender after Senate officials promise to investigate their complaints. However, violence continues on the Pine Ridge Reservation throughout the rest of the 1970s, with some two dozen more AIM members and supporters losing their lives in confrontations with the US government. Russell Means himself continued to advocate Native rights at Pine Ridge and elsewhere, and in 1988 was a presidential candidate for the Libertarian Party. Angered over a long history of violated treaties, mistreatment, and discrimination, 200 members of the American Indian Movement (AIM) occupy the tiny hamlet of Wounded Knee, South Dakota. Former Sioux and Ojibwa convicts attempting to stop police harassment of Indians in the Minneapolis area founded the American Indian Movement in 1968. Borrowing some tactics from the antiwar student demonstrators of the era, AIM soon gained national notoriety for its flamboyant protests. Many mainstream Indian leaders, though, denounced the youth-dominated group as too radical. In 1972, a faction of AIM members led by Dennis Banks and Leonard Peltier sought to close the divide by making alliances with traditional tribal elders on reservations. They had their greatest success on the Pine Ridge Reservation in South Dakota, after a group of young whites murdered a Sioux Indian named Yellow Thunder. Although Yellow Thunder's attackers only received six-year prison sentences, this was widely seen as a victory by the local Sioux accustomed to unfair treatment by the racist Anglo judicial system. AIM's highly visible publicity campaign on the case was given considerable credit for the verdict, winning the organization a great deal of respect on the reservation. AIM's growing prestige and influence, however, threatened the conservative Sioux tribal chairman, Dick Wilson. When Wilson learned of a planned AIM protest against his administration at Pine Ridge, he retreated to tribal headquarters where he was under the protection of federal marshals and Bureau of Indian Affairs police. Rather than confront the police in Pine Ridge, AIM decided to occupy the symbolically significant hamlet of Wounded Knee, the site of an 1890 massacre of a band of unarmed Sioux by the US Cavalry. Wilson, with the backing of the federal government, responded by besieging Wounded Knee. During the 71 days of the siege, federal officers and AIM members exchanged gunfire almost nightly. Two Native Americans were killed and a federal marshal permanently paralyzed by a bullet wound. The leaders of AIM finally surrendered after a negotiated settlement was reached. In a subsequent trial, the judge ordered their acquittal because of evidence that the FBI had manipulated key witnesses. AIM emerged victorious and succeeded in shining a national spotlight on the problems of modern Native Americans. The troubles at Wounded Knee, however, were not over. A virtual civil war broke out between the opposing Indian factions on the Pine Ridge reservation, and a series of beatings, shootings, and murders left more than 100 Indians dead. When two FBI agents were killed in a 1975 gunfight, the agency raided the reservation and arrested AIM leader Leonard Peltier for the crime. The FBI crackdown coupled with AIM's own excesses ended its influence at Pine Ridge. Peltier was convicted of killing the two FBI agents and sentenced to life in prison. Peltier's supporters, however, continue to maintain his innocence and seek a presidential pardon to this day. |
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1972 US President
Nixon and Chinese Premier Chou En-lai issued the Shanghai Communiqué As the concluding act of President Richard Nixon's historic visit to communist China, the president and Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai issue a joint statement summarizing their agreements (and disagreements) of the past week. The "Shanghai Communiqué" set into motion the slow process of the normalization of relations between the two former Cold War enemies. President Nixon arrived in the People's Republic of China (PRC) on February 21, the first time an American president had ever set foot in China. The visit was immensely significant for other reasons, as well. Following communist leader Mao Zedong's successful 1949 revolution, the United States had refused to establish diplomatic ties with the PRC. Relations between the two nations were extremely chilly, and the US and PRC troops had clashed during the Korean War from 1950 to 1953. During the 1950s and 1960s, China was one of the main suppliers of aid to Ho Chi Minh's communist regime in North Vietnam. Nixon had been one of the harshest critics of the PRC during this time. When the United States came to the assistance of South Vietnam, and eventually committed combat troops to quell the communist insurgency in that nation in 1965, relations between the US and China became even more strained. The situation had changed dramatically by the early-1970s. Relations between the PRC and the Soviet Union had grown tense and angry. The United States was embroiled in an unpopular and fruitless battle in Vietnam. Nixon and his foreign policy advisors saw a unique opportunity in these circumstances. Establishing closer relations with the PRC might further divide the two great communist powers and make the Soviets more malleable concerning several issues-including their support of North Vietnam. And the PRC might conceivably put pressure on its North Vietnamese ally to agree to a peace settlement in Vietnam in order to curry more favor with the United States. The Shanghai Communiqué summarized the areas of agreement and disagreement between the United States and the PRC at the end of Nixon's visit. In one section of the document, their differences concerning events in Asia were apparent. The PRC restated its support for North Vietnam, while the United States steadfastly supported South Vietnam. On Korea, the Chinese stressed the need for "unification," while the United States pressed for a "relaxation" of diplomatic tensions between North and South Korea. However, the two nations also stressed their sense of unity on a number of general themes, including the need for peaceful coexistence between the East and West. Much of the statement concerned the Nationalist Chinese government on Taiwan. This was a point of tremendous importance, for the PRC declared that it would not begin diplomatic relations with the United States until the latter cut its diplomatic ties to Taiwan. In the statement, Nixon promised to slowly reduce the US military presence on Taiwan. Finally, the statement noted that both China and the US would encourage greater contact through increased trade and travel by each nation's citizens. The Shanghai Communiqué set the stage for a dramatic reversal in the US policy toward China. Since 1949, the United States had recognized the Nationalist regime on Taiwan as the government of China. It had consistently refused efforts to have the PRC government represented in the United Nations. After 1972, relations between the United States and the PRC began to warm. By the end of the administration of Jimmy Carter (1977-1981), the United States had-in one of the most surprising twists of the Cold War — severed diplomatic relations with Taiwan and formally extended diplomatic recognition of the PRC. |
| 1970 New York Times (falsely) reports US army has ended
domestic surveillance 1969 Communist offensive continues Communist forces shell 30 military installations and nine towns in South Vietnam, in what becomes known as the "Post-Tet Offensive." US sources in Saigon put American losses in this latest offensive at between 250 and 300, compared with enemy casualties totaling 5,300. South Vietnamese officials report 200 civilians killed and 12,700 made homeless. 1969 General Hafez al-Assad becomes head of Syria via military coup 1967 Rio de la Plata Treaty 1967 Antigua and St Christopher-Nevis become associated states of UK 1967 Dominica gains independence from England
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^ 1964 Help wanted
to save the Leaning Tower of Pisa.The Italian government announces that it is accepting suggestions on how to save the renowned Leaning Tower of Pisa from collapse. The top of the 180-foot tower was hanging 17 feet south of the base, and studies showed that the tilt was increasing by a fraction every year. Experts warned that the medieval building — one of Italy's top tourist attractions — was in serious danger of toppling in an earthquake or storm. Proposals to save the Leaning Tower arrived in Pisa from all over the world, but it was not until 1999 that successful restorative work began. On 09 August 1173, construction began on the Leaning Tower, which was to house the bells of the vast cathedral of the Piazza dei Miracoli, the "Place of Miracles." Pisa at the time was a major trading power and one of the richest cities in the world, and the bell tower was to be the most magnificent Europe had ever seen. However, when the tower was just over three stories tall, construction stopped for an unknown reason. It may have been because of economic or political strife, or the engineers may have noticed that even then, the tower had begun to sink down into the ground on one side. In recent years, it has been determined that the tower's lean is caused by the remains of an ancient river estuary located under the building. The ground is made up in large part of water and silty sand, and one side of the heavy marble building began gradually sinking into the ground as soon as the foundation was laid. The 95-year pause in construction allowed the building to settle somewhat, and the new chief engineer sought to compensate for the tower's visible lean by making the new stories slightly taller on the short side. In 1278, workers reached the top of the seventh story, and construction was halted again. By that time, the southward tilt was nearly three feet. In 1360, work began on the bell chamber, the eighth and final story, and workers attempted to compensate for the lean by building the chamber at a slight slant with the rest of the tower. The tower was completed about in 1370. Despite its growing lean, the building was acclaimed as an architectural wonder, and people came from far and wide to admire its 200 columns and six external arcades. The lean grew a little every year, but this only increased interest in the tower. A measuring from 1550 showed the top was 4 meters south of the base. In 1838, an architect was given permission to excavate the base of the tower, a portion of which had sunk into the ground. As he dug, water came sprouting out of the ground, and the tower tilted another few centimeters south. In 1934, Benito Mussolini, the dictator of Italy, decided that the Leaning Tower was an inappropriate symbol for masculine Fascist Italy. In an attempt to reverse the tilt, engineers drilled holes into the foundation of the tower, and some 200 tons of concrete was poured in. The tower abruptly lurched another few centimeters south. In the 1950s, the heavy medieval bells in the tower were locked tight. In 1964, the Italian government publicly asks for suggestions on how to save the tower from what they believed was a forthcoming collapse. Two years later, a restorative attempt involving drilling was aborted when the tower tilted another fraction south. In 1985, another boring attempt likewise caused an increase in the lean. In 1990, the Italian government closed the Leaning Tower's doors to the public out of safety concerns and began considering more drastic proposals to save the tower. In 1992, in an effort to temporarily stabilize the building, plastic-coated steel tendons were built around the tower up to the second story. The next year, a concrete foundation was built around the tower in which counterweights were placed on the north side. The use of these weights lessened the tilt by nearly an inch. In 1995, the commission overseeing the restoration sought to replace the unsightly counterweights with underground cables. Engineers froze the ground with liquid nitrogen in preparation, but this actually caused a dramatic increase in the lean and the project was called off. Finally, in 1999, engineers began a process of soil extraction under the north side that within a few months was showing positive effects. The soil was removed at a very slow pace, no more than a gallon or two a day, and a massive cable harness held the tower in the event of a sudden destabilization. Within six months, the tilt had been reduced by about 3 cm, and by the end of 2000, nearly 30 cm. Once a fifty centimeter reduction is achieved, probably sometime in 2001, the project will end. Those 50 cm will give another 300 years of life to the Leaning Tower of Pisa and permit its reopening to the public, who will be hard-pressed to notice any difference in its famous lean. |
1951 22nd amendment ratified, limiting President to 2 terms 1950 General Chiang Kai-shek elected President of Nationalist China 1949 Chaim Weizmann becomes first Israeli President 1948 The US Federal Trade Commission issues an order restraining the Willys-Overland Company from representing that it had developed the Jeep. Willys-Overland did produce the Jeep; but it was the Bantam Motor Company that first presented its design to the Army. 1945 Battle of US 94 Infantry 1942 first transport of French Jews to Nazi-Germany 1942 J S Hey discovers radio emissions from the Sun 1942 Battle of Java Sea began 13 US warships sunk-2 Japanese 1939 Belgian government of Pierlot falls 1939 US Supreme Court outlaws sit-down strikes 1938 Britain and France recognize Franco government in Spain
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1929 Turkey signs Litvinov-pact 1925 Hitler resurrects NSDAP political party in Munich 1924 Belgium's Theunis government falls
1912 Lord Kitchener opens Khartoum-El Obeid (Nyala) railway 1908 Star #46 was added to US flag for Oklahoma 1906 France and Britain agree to joint control of New Hebrides 1900 Battle at Pietershoogte; Boer General Cronjé surrenders to English in Pardenberg, South-Africa 1900 Conference in London calls for creation of a British labor party
1877 US Electoral College declares R Hayes winner Presidential election. |
| 1865 Civil War skirmish near Sturgeon MO 1864 Near Andersonville GA, rebels open a new POW camp "Camp Sumpter" 1863 Skirmish on the Hatchie River in Tennessee 1854 Composer Robert Schumann saved from suicide attempt in Rhine 1844 Dominican Republic gains independence from Haiti (National Day) 1827 1st Mardi Gras celebration in New Orleans LA 1813 first federal vaccination legislation enacted 1803 Great fire in Bombay, India 1801 Washington DC placed under Congressional jurisdiction 1700 Pacific island of New Britain discovered 1670 Jews are expelled from Austria by order of Leopold I 1665 Battle at Elmina, Gold Coast Vice-Admiral De Ruyter beats English
1531 Evangelical German monarchy/towns form Schmalkaldische Union 1526 Saxony and Hesse form League of Gotha (league of Protestant princes) 0837 15th recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet |
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^ Deaths
which occurred on a February 27: 2002:: 59 Hindu activists on a train set on fire by a Muslim mob at 06:35 in Godhra, Gujarat. The dead include 15 children, 26 women, and 18 men . Some 50 persons are injured. In retaliation, during the following days, Hindu mobs, tolerated or even supported by the police and the Hindu fundamentalist Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) state government, would rampage, killing some 1000 Muslims. 60'000 Muslims would flee their destroyed homes into filthy refugee camps. The train, carrying 2500 Hindu fundamentalists, had left a disputed religious site in the northern town of Ayodhya. A right-wing Hindu group, Vishwa Hindu Parishad (VHP), wants to build a temple on the ruins of a 16th century Babri mosque, which was destroyed by Hindu nationalists in 1992, provoking nationwide riots that left more than 3000 dead. [photos] [below: one coach of the burning train] |
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2001: 118 fleeing
settlers from Madura, massacred in Indonesian Borneo by native Dayak mob A mob of native Dayak fighters attack and massacre at least 118 migrants traveling under police escort. Thousands of desperate refugees on Borneo Island are scrambling to board ships taking them to safety. "We were assisting the evacuation of a Madurese group when a Dayak mob attacked," says a police spokesman. "We were outnumbered." More Madurese massacred elsewhere in Borneo, while Indonesian army and police shoot at each other. The official death toll, probably much lower than reality, after 10 days of violence stands at 428 people, mostly Madurese migrants — some beheaded and with their hearts cut out, in keeping with ancient Dayak traditions of warfare. Earlier, massacred bodies were found overnight dumped near a government office in the town of Parenggean. Indonesia's security forces have been doing little to stop the bloodshed. In Palangakaraya, seven corpses, five of which had been decapitated, were brought to the morgue following fighting in the city late on 26 February. All were Madurese migrants. In Sampit, there were sporadic exchanges of gunfire between army soldiers and police officers throughout this morning in the crowded port area. One refugee was killed in the cross fire and at least 10 policemen and soldiers were injured, hospital officials said. The gunfight may have been over a dispute about bribes. Many refugees have complained that both troops and police officers were demanding payment for allowing people to board the vessels. Despite the gunfire, a passenger ferry capable of carrying 5000 people left for the port of Surabaya on Java island, located only a few miles from Madura. However, plans for a second sailing were abandoned because of the shooting, Dayaks have declared victory after a 10-day campaign to drive ethnic Madurese migrants from the region. Tens of thousands of terrified Madurese have abandoned their possessions and fled. In several towns and villages, the only Madurese remaining have taken shelter near police stations, waiting to be evacuated. As police and soldiers guarded an overcrowded refugee camp in Sampit, Dayaks armed with spears stood by but did not interfere with the evacuation. No ethnic violence was reported Tuesday. Across the town of 100,000 people, Madurese neighborhoods remained empty, and many of the homes had been burned and looted. Over the past 40 years, more than 100'000 Madurese have resettled in Kalimantan on Borneo island from their island of Madura. They were moved in as part of a government program designed to relieve overcrowding in other areas. Relations soured when Dayaks complained of discrimination in education and job opportunities. The first major clash occurred in 1997 in West Kalimantan province, when about 3000 people were killed. Now about 13'000 people, many of them Madurese settlers, are being relocated from hiding places in nearby jungles to Sampit's makeshift camp. About 30'000 others are already in the camp, waiting to be evacuated. Earlier in the day, scuffles broke out between people frantically trying to board trucks bound for the port area. Police fired warning shots and beat the refugees to restore order. Corrupt Indonesian president continues foreign visits, unconcerned. Calls intensify for Indonesian President Abdurrahman Wahid, already in trouble because of corruption, to return home from abroad because of the ethnic violence. Wahid left for a 15-day tour of Africa and the Middle East and is due back March 7. A defiant Wahid, however, said his security ministers informed him that there was no need to return home. Speaking to Indonesian reporters in Cairo, he says that media reports have exaggerated the death toll in Sampit. |
| 2001 Salim al-Akra, 37, as a result of torture, in a
Nablus hospital. He was a Palestinian and had been arrested four weeks ago
by Palestinian police on suspicion of collaborating with Israel. Two other
Palestinians confessed to collaborating with Israel and named al-Akra, but
he did not confess in spite of torture. 2000 Sandra Ottmann, 20, and Karin Rothermel, 41, in Darmstadt, Germany, by stones (as heavy as 8 kg) dropped onto their passing cars from an overpass by three sons of US military stationed in Germany, aged 14, 17, and 18. They would be sentenced on 22 December 2000 to prison terms of 8.5, 8, and 7 years, respectively. 1995 Car bomb explodes in Zakho, North-Iraq (54-80 killed) 1992 Samuel Ichiyé Hayakawa, 85, semanticist (Language in Action, 1941), president of San Francisco State College (1968-1973), Senator (CA, 1977-83), of a stroke 1989 Konrad Lorenz, 85, Austria zoologist (Nobel 1973), 1985 Henry Cabot Lodge, 82, (Senator-R)/diplomat 1975 Hyman Levy, mathematician. 1970 Robert Bruce Lockhart, diplomat/writer, 1968 Johannes Tralow, 85, writer 1960 Adriano Olivetti, 58, Italian engineer/manufacturer 1952 Theodorus Pangalos, 74, Greek General/dictator 1926 1950 Ivan Goll, 50, writer 1943 Kostís Palamis, 84, Greek poet / scholar (Flogera tou Basília),
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1940 Day 90 of Winter
War: USSR aggression against Finland. More deaths due to Stalin's desire to grab Finnish territory. Delaying action begins to cover withdrawal to backline defenses The Finnish troops have held the intermediary defensive positions on the Isthmus for 12 days. Lieutenant-General Erik Heinrichs, commander of the Army of the Isthmus, orders withdrawal from these positions to begin at 7 o'clock in the evening. The Finns begin delaying action to cover withdrawal to the backline defences. Despite the critical situation in the intermediary positions as a result of the enemy breakthrough, the Finnish troops manage to pace their withdrawal successfully. The Soviet force follows behind relatively slowly. Following the realignment of the front on the western part of the Isthmus, the Finnish 2nd Division is ordered to withdraw to the eastern side of the Vuoksi and defend the Sintolanniemi-Vuosalmi line. The 2nd Division fighting in Vuosalmi ends its assessment of its present situation: "Today we're okay, tomorrow we'll be really struggling, and the day after tomorrow the 2nd Division will no longer exist unless we get full assistance from III Army Corps." The 2nd Division is placed under III Army Corps and begins a delaying action in the Vuosalmi sector. In the far north, enemy air raids on the Finnish positions at Heteoja in Petsamo continue throughout the day. In the face of an assault by a much larger enemy force, the outnumbered Finns are forced in the evening to withdraw to the west bank of the River Nautsijoki. Abroad: Finland's Foreign Minister Väinö Tanner is in Stockholm for talks with Swedish Prime Minister P.A. Hansson. The Swedish Government sticks to its previous position: it will not intervene to help Finland. Tanner proposes a defensive alliance to halt the Soviet advance. He also meets the Soviet Union's ambassador in Stockholm, Madame Alexandra Kollontai. The Soviet Union refuses to relax its peace terms. 300 children evacuees arrive in Stockholm from Finland. 3,000 more are expected to arrive soon. Pope Pius XII donates a signed and sealed prayer on behalf of Finland to the Pro Finlandia auction of books organized by the Bukowski auction house in Stockholm. Helsinki's Swedish Theatre visits Oslo and receives public acclaim for its performance of J.J. Wecksell's play Daniel Hjort. After the performance the company are presented with flowers and Director Nyman presents his Finnish colleague with a laurel wreath. The Norwegian Royal Family and many members of the Government attend the performance, which ends with the singing of the Finnish and Norwegian national anthems. ^ Viivytystaistelut taka-asemaan alkavat Talvisodan 90. päivä, 27.helmikuuta.1940 Kannaksen Armeijan komentaja kenraaliluutnantti Erik Heinrichs antaa käskyn, jonka mukaan suomalaisten irtautuminen kahdentoista päivän ajan pitämästä väliasemasta alkaa klo 19. Viivytystaistelut taka-asemaan alkavat. Vaikka tilanne väliasemassa on vihollisen sisäänmurtojen takia kriittinen, onnistutaan vetäytyminen tahdittamaan hyvin. Neuvostojoukot seuraavat suomalaisia suhteellisen hitaasti. Rintaman siirryttyä Länsi-Kannaksella uudelle linjalle 2. Divisioona saa käskyn vetäytyä Vuoksen itäpuolelle ja ottaa puolustaakseen Sintolanniemen-Vuosalmen linjan. Vuosalmella taistelevan 2. Divisioonan tilannekatsaus päättyy: "Tänään elämme, huomenna on täysi hätä ja ylihuomenna 2. Divisioonaa ei enää ole olemassa ellemme saa apua joka suhteessa III Armeijakunnalta." 2. divisioona alistetaan III Armeijakunnalle ja se aloittaa viivytystaistelun Vuosalmen suuntaan. Vihollinen suorittaa koko päivän ilmahyökkäyksiä Petsamossa Heteojan asemia vastaan. Suomalaiset joutuvat vetäytymään illalla Nautsijoen länsirannalle vihollisen hyökätessä suurella ylivoimalla. Ulkoministeri Tanner neuvottelee Tukholmassa Ruotsin pääministerin Hanssonin kanssa. Ruotsin hallituksen kanta ei muutu: Suomea ei auteta. Tanner ehdottaa yhteistä puolustusliittoa Neuvostoliiton etenemisen estämiseksi. Tanner tapaa myös Neuvostoliiton Tukholman suurlähettilään rouva Aleksandra Kollontain. Neuvostoliitto ei anna myönnytyksiä esittämilleen rauhanehdoille. Tukholmaan saapuu 300 Suomesta evakuoitua lasta. Lähiaikoina odotetaan saapuvan 3000 lasta lisää. Tukholmassa Bukowskin taidesalongin järjestämään Pro Finlandia-kirjahuutokauppaan saadaan Vatikaanista Paavi Pius XII lahjoittama sinetillä ja allekirjoituksella varustettu Rukous Suomen puolesta asiakirja. Helsingin Ruotsalainen teatteri vierailee Oslossa ja saavuttaa suuren menestyksen. Teatteri esittää J.J. Wecksellin näytelmän Daniel Hjort. Näytelmän jälkeen näyttelijät kukitetaan ja teatterinjohtaja Nyman ojentaa suomalaiselle kollegalleen laakeriseppeleen. Norjan kuningasperhe ja lukuisat Norjan hallituksen jäsenet ovatseuraamassa tätä tilaisuutta, joka päättyy Suomen ja Norjan kansallislauluihin. ^ Fördröjningsstriderna till den bakre ställningen börjar Vinterkrigets 90 dag, den 27 februari 1940 Kommendören för armén på Näset, generallöjtnant Erik Heinrichs ger order om lösgöring från mellanställningen som finnarna har hållit i tolv dagar. Lösgöringen ska börja kl. 19. Fördröjningsstriderna till den bakre ställningen börjar. Även om situationen i mellanställningen är kritisk på grund av fiendens inbrytningar lyckas man organisera återtåget väl. De ryska trupperna följer finnarna förhållandevis långsamt. När fronten har förflyttat sig till en ny linje på västra Näset får den 2. Divisionen order om att retirera till den östra sidan av Vuoksen för att försvara linjen Sintolanniemi-Vuosalmi. Den 2. Divisionen som strider vid Vuosalmi avslutar sin lägesrapport med orden: "Idag lever vi, i morgon lider vi nöd och i övermorgon finns den 2. Divisionen inte längre om vi inte får hjälp i alla avseenden av den III Armékåren." Den 2. Divisionen underställs den III Armékåren och inleder fördröjningsstrider i riktning Vuosalmi. Fienden bombar hela dagen ställningarna i Heteoja i Petsamo. När fienden på kvällen går till anstormning tvingas finnarna retirera till den västra stranden av floden Nautsijoki. Utrikesminister Tanner förhandlar i Stockholm med Sveriges statsminister Hansson. Sveriges regering ändrar inte sin ståndpunkt. Finland får ingen hjälp. Tanner föreslår en gemensam försvarsallians för att förhindra Sovjetunionens avancemang. Tanner träffar också Sovjetunionens ambassadör i Stockholm, fru Alexandra Kollontaj. Sovjetunionen ger inga eftergifter i fråga om fredsvillkoren. 300 evakuerade finska barn anländer till Stockholm. Ytterligare 3000 barn förväntas anlända inom de närmaste dagarna. Dokumentet "Bön för Finland", som donerats av Påven Pius XII och försetts med hans sigill och underskrift, sänds från Vatikanen till Bukowskis konstsalong i Stockholm för att säljas på bokauktionen Pro Finlandia. Svenska teatern från Helsingfors besöker Oslo och gör succé. Teatern framför pjäsen Daniel Hjort av J. J. Wecksell. Efter pjäsen hyllas skådespelarna med blommor och teaterdirektör Nyman överräcker en lagerkrans åt sin kollega. Den norska kungliga familjen och ett flertal regeringsmedlemmar närvarar evenemanget som avslutas med Finlands och Norges nationalhymner. |
| 1939 Nadezhda K. Krupskaya, 70, Russian revolutionary
/ wife of Lenin 1936 Ivan P Pavlov, 86, Russian physiologist (reflexes, Nobel 1904) 1920 Alexandru D Xenopol, 72, Romanian historian 1915 Sonin, mathematician. 1887 Alexander Porfir'yevich Borodin, 53, Russian composer 1864 6th and last day of Battle at Dalton, Georgia (about 600 casualties) 1862 Gabriele dell' Addolorata, 23, patron of Italian Catholic youth, 1861 Five demonstrators against Russian rule in Poland, as Russian troop fires on crowd, in Warsaw Massacre 1735 John Arbuthnot, physician / mathematician. 1706 John Evelyn, diarist, 1167 Robert of Melun, English philosopher/bishop of Hereford. |
| Births which
occurred on a February 27: 1980 Chelsea Victoria Clinton Daughter of Bill and Hillary Clinton 1936 Roger Michael Mahoney, Hollywood CA, archbishop of Los Angeles (1985- ). He would be made a cardinal on 28 June 1991.
1927 James Herlihy, actor, writer. 1917 John Connally (Governor-D/R-TX), wounded during Kennedy assassination in 1963, presidential candidate who got the one “10-million-dollar delegate”.
1912 Lawrence Durrell, Darjeeling India, writer (Alexandria Quartet) 1910 Peter De Vries, Chicago IL, author (Reuben Reuben, The Prick of Noon) 1910 Doob, mathematician. 1904 James Thomas Farrell, US, author (Studs Lonigan trilogy) 1902 John Steinbeck Salinas CA, author (Cannery Row. The Grapes of Wrath—Nobel 1962) 1893 Ralph Linton US cultural anthropologist (Tree of Culture) 1881 Sveinn Björnsson first President of Iceland (1944-52)/poet (Figur ild) 1881 L. E. J. Brouwer, mathematician. 1881 Luitzen [Bertus] Brouwers Dutch mathematician. 1879 Saccharin artificial sweetener is discovered by Constantine Fahlberg. 1869 Alice Hamilton, physician / writer (workmen's compensation laws) 1867 Irving Fisher, US economist (compensating dollar) 1861 Rudolph Steiner, in Kraljevic, Austria, founder (doctrine of anthroposophy movement) 1835 Richard Garnett, English author (Ananda the Miracle Worker)
0289 Constantine the Great Roman emperor (306-37), adopted Christianity |
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